You've heard about it, but what do you know about ultraviolet (UV), or invisible radiation rays — and the safety precautions you should follow? Although sun is the source of UV rays, tanning beds and "sun lamps" produce similar rays which result in an increased pigmentation of the skin.

Small amounts of sun result in a sunburn if you are not careful. Long-term effects of sun exposure include damage to the skin by weakening the immune system that keeps skin healthy. The results of too much sun exposure can include a leather-like texture to the skin, spots of pigmentation, added wrinkles and an increased risk for more permanent damage. In case this isn't enough to make you think about protection from UV damage, think about the potential risk to your eyes — such as vision loss cause by cataracts!

Everyone is at risk for UV damage, but the risk increases if you have a family history of skin cancer, have red, blonde or light-brown hair or have fair skin. Others at risk are people on certain medications with side effects that can be triggered by sun exposure. This is a time to read the labels and talk with your Giant Eagle^® pharmacist. Some medications actually increase the skin's sensitivity to UV rays. There are also some cosmetics that increase your sensitivity, particularly those with alpha hydroxy acids (AHA's).

You should take precautions for both you and your family, especially for babies over six months old and smaller children.

Here are some quick and easy sun protection tips:

• Purchase a sunscreen. These will vary in both protection value and cosmetic appeal and the options are endless. You can avoid dyes, colors and perfumes if that is your preference. There are creams, sprays and lotions in varying sizes, from pocket-sized containers to large containers. But the real issue is buying sunscreen with the right SPF (sun protection factor). This is shown as a number and it is recommended that more protection comes with an SPF of 15 or above.
• Buy a waterproof product and remember to apply it several times on days you will be in and out of the water. Sunscreen should be applied at least 30 minutes prior to getting into water and applied after you have been in the water for 80 minutes.
• Use sunscreen as it is meant to be used. That means, apply it to dry skin at least 15 minutes before you face the sun. Pay special attention to the areas most likely to encounter prolonged sun exposure. Since water has a reflective quality, pay special attention at the pool or beach.
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours — especially to your face, chest, neck and back, as well as to the backs of your legs. Think of sun exposure as you do your daily jog, walk or yard work. Even your feet can burn!
• Respect the instructions and the date on the sun block you choose! They don't age gracefully.
• Aim for sun glasses that fit your needs. Be sure the ones you purchase are meant to protect the eyes from UV rays and not just provide glamour. There are choices to clip or fit over eyeglasses if you have prescription lenses. Look for wrap-around styles that can block the light that comes in the sides. Seek professional advice to get the best ones for safer sun protection.
• Think about wearing wide-brimmed hats, covering your shoulders with light wraps and taking other precautions to block damaging rays while still enjoying the sun. Beach umbrellas play a role and help block the sun as well.

It's true that there are some benefits from the sun. Vitamin D is actually made in the body when sun penetrates the skin, but five to ten minutes of casual exposure provides enough Vitamin D. The trick is to enjoy the sun but not damage your skin.

Important Physician Advice Disclaimer: The content provided by Giant Eagle^®, including but not limited to, Web site, recipe and health information is for educational purposes only. This content is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Consult your physician for professional guidance before changing or undertaking a new diet program. Advance consultation with your physician is particularly important if you are under the age of 18, pregnant, nursing or have health problems.

Men's Health Guide

The History of Ice Cream

Summer Health Guide

Plan Ahead for Summer Travel